About Mr. Gunn

Science, Scholarly Communication, and Mendeley

Genetic influences on intelligence and cross-cultural concepts of beauty.

Razib has invited me to take my seat at his roundtable, and I am honored to do so. Upon logging in to write my first post, I noticed that 4 out of the 5 most recent pings were from “Gene Expression contributors are racists” discussions. Of course, that’s just par for the course when you’re discussing such emotionally charged issues as genetic(i.e. racial) influences on intelligence and cross-cultural concepts of beauty.

[EDIT 2-12-2007 – I regret that I kinda flaked out after this, but I’m glad to see that Gene Expression is still around.

Are Scientific Journals Self-censoring?

Lagniappe is sounding off on the decision of the major scientific journals to self-censor material which could be used by terrorists. All kinds of things are being done now, that we normally wouldn’t do, due to fears about terrorism. There are reasons why we don’t normally do these things. We don’t normally keep a database of information about where foreign nationals are going, what they’re doing, and what they’re buying. Our government doesn’t normally provide us a number to call in case our neighbors look like they’re doing something suspicious. We don’t normally do anything to infringe on the freedom of the press. It’s the same issue underlying all three issues: respect of individual liberty. In the extreme case we need to take one of these measures, it should be understood that serious oversight and openness must be part of the process.

The way the journals are handling the issue is a great example of the way to handle an issue like this. For the tiny number of cases that require it, they work with the author to get them to focus their article on the things necessary to make their point, but not to give anyone any unrelated ideas. If additional information is desired by someone, well…any responsible researcher knows how to handle requests for additional information. They are familiar with the people in their field, so they can handle requests for information such as, “Exactly which conditions most greatly contributed to pathogenicity” in somewhat similiar fashion to the way you would handle a request to borrow your axe. You might loan it to your neighbor willingly, but if somebody you don’t know shows up wearing a hockey mask and asks to borrow it, you’re gonna be a little more careful.
Thanks for the blogroll, Derek!

Peter Schultz makes mRNA cry.

I recently heard a presentation on this crazy guy, Peter Schultz, who has engineered bacteria to use para-aminophenylalanine instead of amber codons. The bacteria synthesize para-phenylalanine, have a para-phenylalanine tRNA synthetase, and and insert it with very high fidelity whenever the amber codon is found. The amber codon, which causes the ribosome to stop reading the mRNA when it’s found, is apparently quite rare, and because bacterial mRNAs aren’t as processed as eukaryotic ones, the bacteria get along quite well. I was thinking it would be really keen to make a series of mutants, each of which incorporated a different D-amino acid instead of the L version. Then, analysis of the structures of the D tRNA synthetases, of the ribosome translating the codon, and of the resulting protein could contribute a little information towards answering why we use all L amino acids.

Coincidentally, while I was googling a good link for this story, I found Lagniappe, who just blogged this story about the same time I heard the presentation.

Here’s Schultz’s PDF in JACS.

Derek, if you’re reading this, you’re the number one link at google for para-aminophenylalanine. Kinda funny that I find a blogspot blog as the number one search result for something right after google buys pyra. However, there were only 2 results total, so I only mention this to be funny, not to suggest anything conspiratorial.

Amazing Science – Mind Control Edition

Sometimes an article comes out with a title that makes me think, “Wait a second. It’s not even April 1st yet.”

Joe Tsien’s NR2B overexpression experiment and John Chapin’s “Rats control robots with minds” were pretty amazing articles, and now Dalle Molle Institute for Perceptual Artificial Intelligence comes out with a technique that can detect “whether you are thinking about a calculation, a place, a colour or even what you want to eat for dinner…but it’s not good enough yet to detect exactly what colour you’re thinking of.” I believe they’re using Bayesian analysis, a great statistical learning technique which I’ve seen being used more and more often, to look for “EEG patterns embedded in the continuous EEG signal associated with different mental states.” Here’s a summary .pdf describing the technique.